Case Summaries
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Pritchard v Cook & Red Ltd
Example case summary. Last modified: 17th Jun 2019
The claimant, Pritchard, purchased a prize rally car from the defendant, Cook and Red, on the basis that the defendant had advertised......
Proactive Sports Management v Rooney
Example case summary. Last modified: 16th Jul 2019
The respondent, Wayne Rooney, assigned his image rights to the third respondent company. An agreement between the respondents and the appellant sports......
Progress Bulk Carriers v Tube City - Summary
Example case summary. Last modified: 16th Jul 2019
The dispute arose out of the sale of a load of shredded scrap that the charterers (hirers of a cargo ship) had to ship to China from Mississippi....
Promissory Estoppel Cases
Example case summary. Last modified: 6th Sep 2021
An example of promissory estoppel is where A promises B that he would not enforce his legal rights and B acted and relied on it without giving any consideration....
Prudential Assurance v London Residuary Body
Example case summary. Last modified: 28th Oct 2021
Landlord and tenant; whether land held on yearly tenancy; whether agreement terminable by successor. A strip of land adjacent to a highway was sold to the council. The council leased the land back to the seller and the agreement stated the grant was to last until the council required the land for road widening purposes....
Pugh v Savage [1970]
Example case summary. Last modified: 17th Jun 2019
Pugh was the owner of a farm which included field A. Field A was accessed from the highway along a lane, into a field......
Pullman v Hill - 1891
Example case summary. Last modified: 16th Jul 2019
The plaintiffs were two members of a partnership firm. They owned property in Borough Road, London which they had contracted to sell....
Pursell v Horn - 1838
Example case summary. Last modified: 16th Jul 2019
In this case the defendant threw water on the claimant and got both the claimant and the claimant’s clothes, wet. The claimant started an action for......
Purton v Kilker Projects
Example case summary. Last modified: 16th Jul 2019
When Mr Purton submitted his final bill for approximately £147,000, KPL failed to pay it. Mr Purton referred the matter for adjudication and the…...
PW & Co v Milton Gate Investments Ltd
Example case summary. Last modified: 17th Jun 2019
The claimant held the head-tenant of the defendant's building and sub-leased the property to several other parties....
Pym v Campbell - 1856
Example case summary. Last modified: 16th Jul 2019
Pym and Campbell signed a written agreement wherein Campbell agreed to purchase three-eighths of the profits to accrue from Pym’s new invention....
Pyrene Co Ltd v Scindia Navigation Co Ltd
Example case summary. Last modified: 5th Jan 2021
The owners of the ship admitted liability but argued their liability would be limited by the Hague Rules, Article 4 (5)....
Qazi v Harrow
Example case summary. Last modified: 17th Jun 2019
Possession proceedings against a former joint tenant and the right to respect for a home under the EC......
Quigley v Masterson
Example case summary. Last modified: 15th Jun 2019
Mr Pilkington and Mrs Masterson were unmarried but had owned and co-habited a property as joint tenants for more......
Quinn v Leathem - 1901
Example case summary. Last modified: 13th Jul 2019
Leathem, a butcher, had employees who did not belong to the Belfast Butchers’ Association (BBA). After experiencing some difficulties, he asked......
R (Abbasi) v Foreign Secretary
Example case summary. Last modified: 18th Jul 2019
The first claimant was a British national who had been captured by United States forces in Afghanistan and detained in Guantanamo......
R (Al Rawi and others) v Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs
Example case summary. Last modified: 27th Jun 2019
The first three claimants were imprisoned in Guantanamo Bay. Having been previously resident in the UK, they held indefinite leaves to remain......
R (Anderson) v Secretary of State
Example case summary. Last modified: 28th Oct 2021
Prisoners; mandatory life sentence; right to hearing. Anderson received mandatory life sentences after having been convicted of two murders. The Secretary of State set a longer than recommended period for Anderson’s release on licence....
R (Beresford) v Sunderland CC
Example case summary. Last modified: 17th Jun 2019
The appellant made an application to the respondent to register land as a town green under the provisions of the......
R (G) v Immigration Appeal Tribunal and R (M) v Same
Example case summary. Last modified: 16th Jul 2019
G and M were asylum seekers whose applications were refused by special adjudicators. They were also refused permissions to appeal to the Immigration......
R (Gentle) v Foreign Secretary
Example case summary. Last modified: 16th Jul 2019
The claimants were the mothers of two British servicemen killed serving in Iraq. Inquests were to be held into the circumstances......
R (on the application of Beresford) v Sunderland CC
Example case summary. Last modified: 17th Jun 2019
A new town development created a town plan that identified an open space in the town as a playing field/parkland....
R (on the application of Ricketts) v Basildon Magistrates’ Court
Example case summary. Last modified: 27th Jun 2019
The defendant, Ricketts, was arrested after taking bags from outside a charity shop and from the bins at the rear of the shop and......
R (Wheeler) v Office of the PM
Example case summary. Last modified: 17th Jun 2019
The claimant (W) applied for permission to seek judicial review of the decision of the Office of the Prime Minister......
R v A (No.2)
Example case summary. Last modified: 28th Sep 2021
In dismissing the appeal, the Court held that s.41(3)(c) of the 1999 Act should be construed, where necessary, by having regard to the interpretative obligation under s.3 of the 1998 Act and by giving adequate consideration to the need to protect a complainant from indignity and the possibility of humiliating questioning...
R v ABCD - 2010
Example case summary. Last modified: 16th Jul 2019
The defendants participated in an attack against a victim in the victim’s home. The attack was organised by an individual other than the ones who......
R v Abdul Hussain
Example case summary. Last modified: 16th Jul 2019
Abdul Hussain and the other defendants, in this case, where Shia Muslims that had fled the Iraqi regime to live in Sudan....
R v Adaye
Example case summary. Last modified: 16th Jul 2019
The defendant had been warned by a doctor in Africa who had been treating him for sexually transmitted infections generally......
R v Adomako - 1995
Example case summary. Last modified: 25th Oct 2021
Dismissing Mr Adomako’s appeal, it was held that in cases of manslaughter by criminal negligence involving a breach of duty the ordinary principles of the law of negligence applied to ascertain whether the defendant had been in breach of a duty of care to the victim....
R v Ahluwalia - 1992
Example case summary. Last modified: 28th Sep 2021
The definition in R v Duffy [1949] 1 All ER 932 as “sudden and temporary loss of control” is still good law as it is a readily understandable phrase. However, in cases of abused wives, the harmful act is often a result of a “slowburn” reaction, rather than immediate loss of self-control. ...
R v Allen
Example case summary. Last modified: 28th Oct 2021
Mr Allen consumed homemade wine that unknowingly to him was much stronger than he initially thought. As such, it had a much stronger effect on him than he anticipated....
R v B [2007] 1 WLR 1567
Example case summary. Last modified: 16th Jul 2019
The defendant was accused of raping a victim outside of a nightclub. After his arrest, the defendant informed the custody officer......
R v Bailey - 1983
Example case summary. Last modified: 1st Oct 2021
Self-induced automatism defence unavailable to diabetic convicted of wounding with intent. The appellant (B) was convicted of wounding with intent. He claimed the defence of automatism caused by hypoglaecemia as a result of failing to take food after a dose of insulin....
R v Bainbridge - 1960
Example case summary. Last modified: 28th Jun 2019
The defendant purchased oxygen-cutting equipment. Weeks later, the equipment was used in a bank break-in and was left behind by the thieves....
R v Barnes - 2004
Example case summary. Last modified: 4th Oct 2021
Criminal law – Assault – Inflicting grievous bodily harm in the course of sport. The appellant was an amateur footballer. He was playing a football match, went in for a tackle and seriously injured his opponent’s leg. ...
R v Bateman - Case Summary
Example case summary. Last modified: 4th Oct 2021
Whether level of negligence amounted to gross negligence to warrant criminal liability.. A qualified medical practitioner was convicted of gross negligence manslaughter arising out of the delivery of a patient in child birth, Ms. Harding....
R v Blaue - 1975
Example case summary. Last modified: 25th Oct 2021
After the victim refused the defendant’s sexual advances the defendant stabbed the victim four times. Whist the victim was admitted to hospital she required medical treatment which involved a blood transfusion....
R v Bollom
Example case summary. Last modified: 27th Jun 2019
The defendant inflicted various injuries upon his partner’s seventeen month old child, including bruises and cuts. Whilst the injuries per se did not......
R v Bounekhla
Example case summary. Last modified: 5th Jul 2019
The defendant was convicted of three counts of sexual assault after he deliberately and surreptitiously ejaculated on women while dancing......
R v Bourne - 1952
Example case summary. Last modified: 27th Jun 2019
Sydney Joseph Bourne (B) subjected his wife Adelaide Bourne (A) to bestiality by terrorising her into submission against her......
R v Bowen - 1996
Example case summary. Last modified: 5th Jul 2019
Bowen had obtained a number of electrical goods, over a series of visits to the value of £20,000. He had done so by applying for a number of ‘instant......
R v Braham - 2013
Example case summary. Last modified: 3rd Jul 2019
The appellant, Braham, had been convicted of the rape and assault of the victim, who was his partner at the time. It was alleged that......
R v Bree 2007
Example case summary. Last modified: 28th Sep 2021
The defendant, Bree (B), visited his brother at University and went for an evening out with him and others, including the complainant (C). Both B and C consumed considerable quantities of alcohol, before returning to B’s brother’s home...
R v Brind 1991 | Case Summary
Example case summary. Last modified: 27th Jun 2019
The applicants sought a judicial review of directives issued by the Home Secretary. The directives placed limits on the broadcasting permission......
R v Brooks - 1983
Example case summary. Last modified: 27th Jun 2019
A father and daughter ate in the upstairs room of a restaurant together with another man. The daughter left the restaurant early in a rush....
R v Brown - 1985
Example case summary. Last modified: 5th Oct 2021
The defendant, Brown, broke a shop window and stuck the top half of his body through the hole while rummaging about inside the shop in order to steal the contents. His lower half remained outside the shop....
R v Brown 2011
Example case summary. Last modified: 4th Jul 2019
The appellant, Brown was married to the victim and they had two children. The couple was undergoing a divorce. Brown had contact with the......
R v Brown and Stratton
Example case summary. Last modified: 4th Jul 2019
Brown and Stratton were cousins who jointly attacked Stratton’s father as Stratton found his father’s ongoing gender reassignment embarrassing....
R v Bunch - 2013
Example case summary. Last modified: 28th Jun 2019
The defendant, Bunch, murdered the victim in front of her husband by stabbing her more than 20 times after the relationship between the two ended....
R v Burgess - 1991
Example case summary. Last modified: 13th Jul 2019
The appellant (B) was charged with wounding with intent to do grievous bodily harm. His defence was that during the event he was sleep......
R v C (Barry)
Example case summary. Last modified: 28th Jun 2019
The defendant was convicted on a number of counts of sexual and violent offences against four different women between the years of 1967-1987....
R v Caldwell
Example case summary. Last modified: 21st Oct 2021
The respondent had done some work for the owner of a hotel as the result of which he had a quarrel with the owner, got drunk and set fire to the hotel in revenge....
R v Calhaem
Example case summary. Last modified: 28th Jun 2019
The defendant was convicted of murder under s.8 of the Accessories and Abettors Act 1861. She had counselled Z to murder the victim....
R v Campbell - 1991
Example case summary. Last modified: 4th Jul 2019
Tony Campbell (C) arrested after loitering outside a post office, wearing sunglasses and carrying something heavy, after police had......
R v Cato - 1976
Example case summary. Last modified: 28th Oct 2021
Mr Cato and the victim prepared their own syringes and then injected each other with heroin. The victim died. Mr Cato was convicted of manslaughter and administering a noxious thing contrary to s. 23 of the Offences Against the Person Act 1861....
R v Chan Fook
Example case summary. Last modified: 3rd Jul 2019
The appellant, Mr Chan-Fook, had accused the victim, a lodger, of the theft of his fiancé’s engagement ring. The appellant, after striking the victim......
R v Chan Wing-Siu
Example case summary. Last modified: 3rd Jul 2019
On May 31st 1980, the Appellant along with two others, in Kowloon, entered the premises of the two victims (a husband and wife) in order to collect a debt....
R v Cheshire - 1991
Example case summary. Last modified: 28th Sep 2021
Chain of causation – Death in hospital following shooting. Cheshire shot a man during the course of an argument. The victim was taken to hospital to have surgery and shortly after developed respiratory issues....
R v Church - 1966
Example case summary. Last modified: 29th Sep 2021
Mr Church and the victim were in a van for sexual purposes. The victim started mocking him and a fight ensued. He knocked the victim semi-conscious. After his attempts to rouse her proved unsuccessful, he panicked, thought the victim was dead and threw her into the river. ...
R v Ciccarelli
Example case summary. Last modified: 13th Jul 2019
The incident took place at a house party with the complainant in attendance, as well as the defendant and his girlfriend. They had met three......
R v Clarence
Example case summary. Last modified: 29th Dec 2020
The defendant, Charles James Clarence (CJC) was charged for unlawfully inflicting grievous bodily harm upon his wife Selina Clarence (SC) and......
R v Clarke - 2009
Example case summary. Last modified: 4th Jul 2019
Clarke suffered from type 1 Diabetes and had a Hypoglycaemic attack at the wheel of his vehicle, causing him to hit two pedestrians......
R v Clarke 1972
Example case summary. Last modified: 28th Oct 2021
Availability of insanity defence for depression and temporary absent mindedness. The defendant was apprehended for shoplifting after she placed certain items (including a jar of coffee, a jar of mincemeat and butter) into her handbag....
R v Clarkson; R v Carroll; R v Dodd
Example case summary. Last modified: 28th Jun 2019
The defendants were drinking when they heard sounds indicating that a woman was being raped. They entered the room where the sounds......
R v Clinton - 2012
Example case summary. Last modified: 1st Oct 2021
In the first case, Clinton killed his wife in their family home because of her sexual infidelity. He was convicted of murder and arson by the Crown Court. He was sentenced to life imprisonment with minimum specified term of 26 years....
R v Clouden - 1987
Example case summary. Last modified: 5th Oct 2021
The defendant approached the victim from behind whilst she was carrying a shopping basket in her left hand. He wrenched the basket down from her grasp and ran off with it....
R v Coates
Example case summary. Last modified: 3rd Jul 2019
The defendant was a senior naval rating at the time of the incident and the complainant was a naval medical assistant, both working aboard a ship....
R v Codere - 1916
Example case summary. Last modified: 3rd Jul 2019
C appealed against his conviction for murder. At trial, expert witnesses had disagreed on whether he could be certified as insane....
R v Cole - 1994
Example case summary. Last modified: 18th Mar 2021
The appellant (C) was convicted of two robberies. He claimed the defence of duress on the basis that he was “desperate” for money as he owed money......
R v Collins - 1973
Example case summary. Last modified: 5th Oct 2021
The defendant, Collins, climbed up to the window of a young woman at 4:00 a.m. When she awoke and saw him on her window sill. She mistook him for her boyfriend and beckoned him in. ...
R v Constanza - 1997
Example case summary. Last modified: 28th Oct 2021
Whether words alone could constitute an assault and the temporal element of fear of immediate violence. A man was convicted of assault occasioning actual bodily harm of a female ex-colleague. ...
R v Conway - 1989
Example case summary. Last modified: 5th Oct 2021
Conway was arrested for driving recklessly in contradiction of the Road Traffic Act 1972, section 2. Conway had driven away from plain-clothed police officers in a reckless manner. ...
R v Cooper; R v Schaub
Example case summary. Last modified: 28th Jun 2019
The defendants met the victim at a bar and asked her to show them where the nightclubs were in the area. The victim ultimately......
R v Couzens 2021
Example case summary. Last modified: 1st Oct 2021
Case summary and sentencing remarks from R v Couzens - the case concerns an off-duty police officer who committed the rape and murder of Sarah Everard....
R v Craig and Bentley - 1952
Example case summary. Last modified: 28th Jun 2019
Derek William Bentley (B), 19, and Christopher Craig (C), 16, attempted to burgle a warehouse. B carried a knife and a knuckle-duster......
R v Crutchley
Example case summary. Last modified: 28th Jun 2019
Ann Crutchley (AC) strangled her newborn baby. The two surgeons testifying in the case stated that the strangling had taken place before......
R v Cunningham - 1957
Example case summary. Last modified: 25th Oct 2021
Intention and the meaning of malice in s.23 OAPA 1861. The appellant removed a gas meter in order to steal the money inside. The meter however was connected to the neighbouring house which was occupied by the appellant’s future mother-in-law....
R v Dalloway 1847
Example case summary. Last modified: 28th Oct 2021
Dalloway was standing on a horse and cart as it drove along a public road. Dalloway was not holding on to the reins as they were resting on the horse’s back. During his journey, a small child ran out in to the road in front of the cart and was killed by one of the wheels as it moved along....
R v Dawson - 1985
Example case summary. Last modified: 28th Oct 2021
The defendant approached a petrol station manned by a 50 year old male. The defendants attempted a robbery with an imitation gun and a pick-axe handle. The defendants demanded money but did not touch the attendant who pressed the alarm button and the defendants ran away without obtaining any cash....
R v Dawson and James - 1976
Example case summary. Last modified: 5th Jul 2019
One defendant pushed the victim who lost his balance enabling the second defendant to steal his wallet. The two defendants were convicted......
R v Devonald - 2008
Example case summary. Last modified: 3rd Jul 2019
The defendant, believing the victim to have treated his daughter badly during their relationship, posed as a young woman to correspond with......
R v Dica - 2004
Example case summary. Last modified: 5th Oct 2021
Criminal – Assault Inflicting Grievous bodily harm – Transmitting disease through consensual sexual intercourse. The defendant, Mohamed Dica was charged with inflicting two counts of grievous bodily harm under s 20 of the Offences against the Person Act 1861....
R v Director of the Serious Fraud Office
Example case summary. Last modified: 27th Sep 2021
The Director of the Serious Fraud Office started investigating certain allegations of corruption against a UK company. Among other things......
R v Donovan
Example case summary. Last modified: 30th Sep 2021
It was established at trial that the appellant, Mr Donovan, had ‘induced’ the victim to accompany him to his garage, wherein he had proceeded to beat her with a cane in ‘circumstances of indecency’...
R v Dowds - 2012
Example case summary. Last modified: 28th Jun 2019
The defendant, Dowds (D), killed his partner with a knife by inflicting 60 wounds on her. He sought to rely on the partial defence of......
R v Dudley and Stephens - 1884
Example case summary. Last modified: 28th Sep 2021
The availability to the defence of necessity for murder. The two defendants and a boy between the ages of seventeen and eighteen were cast away in an open boat at sea following a storm....
R v Elbekkay
Example case summary. Last modified: 3rd Jul 2019
The appellant had been out for the evening drinking with the victim and her boyfriend. They returned to the victim’s flat and the victim retired to bed......
R v Evans - 2009
Example case summary. Last modified: 30th Sep 2021
Manslaughter by gross negligence – duty of care. Evans purchased heroin and gave it to her half-sister who later self-ingested the drug. Evans recognised that the victim had symptoms akin to those of an overdose and remained with her mother and the victim, without calling for medical assistance as they feared getting into trouble....
R v Fiak - 2005
Example case summary. Last modified: 4th Jul 2019
Fiak had been sitting in a car, parked outside his house, when he was approached by police officers who had suspected he was in......
R v Flatt
Example case summary. Last modified: 28th Jun 2019
Flatt had a drug addiction and fell in debt to his supplier to the value of £1,500. The supplier had told the appellant to take possession of some drugs......
R v Flattery - 1877
Example case summary. Last modified: 22nd Oct 2021
The defendant, John Flattery (JF) posed as a medical doctor and surgeon. The complainant, a young woman aged 19, consulted JF with respect to an illness she was suffering, accompanied by her mother....
R v Foreign Secretary (Gentle)
Example case summary. Last modified: 3rd Sep 2019
The claimants were the mothers of two British servicemen killed serving in Iraq. Inquests were to be held into the circumstances of their deaths......
R v Foreign Secretary ex parte Abbasi
Example case summary. Last modified: 28th Jun 2019
The first claimant was a British national who had been captured by United States forces in Afghanistan and detained in Guantanamo Bay......
R v Franklin - 1883
Example case summary. Last modified: 28th Oct 2021
Mr Franklin took up a larger box from Brighton Pier and threw it into the sea. The victim was swimming underneath in the sea at the time and was struck by the box and died....
R v G (2003) - Recklessness in Criminal Law
Example case summary. Last modified: 5th Oct 2021
Prior to the case of R v G, there were two main approaches to recklessness. The first was derived from the case of R v Cunningham were the interpretation of recklessness was when the defendant foresees the risk of harm yet does the act anyway....
R v G 2004 - Recklessness
Example case summary. Last modified: 28th Oct 2021
The test for recklessness after MPC v Caldwell. The two appellants were boys aged 11 and 12 respectively. They went camping at night unsupervised (and in fact without parental permission). In the early hours of the night they entered the back yard of a Co-Op shop and found old newspapers....
R v G and F
Example case summary. Last modified: 4th Jul 2019
After police searched one of the defendant’s (G) flat, they found indecent images of children on a laptop computer. The police then searched his mobile......
R v Galliano - 1996
Example case summary. Last modified: 27th Jun 2019
G was charged with the murder of his wife, A. There was evidence that either G killed A himself, or that a killer carried out the......
R v Geddes - 1996
Example case summary. Last modified: 4th Jul 2019
Gary William Geddes (G), 29, was discovered in the toilets of a school to which he had no connection, with a rucksack. When leaving the school......
R v George - 1956
Example case summary. Last modified: 4th Jul 2019
The defendant had a foot fetish, and on two occasions attempted to remove shoes off the feet of young girls without their consent for the......
R v Ghosh - 1982
Example case summary. Last modified: 11th Sep 2024
Meaning of dishonesty under the Theft Act 1968. The defendant, Ghosh, was a locum consultant at a hospital who falsely claimed to have carried out a surgical operation in order to claim money when in fact that operation had been carried out by someone else under the NHS...
R v Gnango
Example case summary. Last modified: 17th Jun 2019
The defendant was a London teenager engaged in gang warfare. He had been in conflict with another person known as TC and in......
R v Golds
Example case summary. Last modified: 28th Oct 2021
Golds admitted to killing his partner and prior to the killing he had sexually assaulted her. The question for the jury was whether he was guilty of murder or manslaughter by virtue of diminished responsibility under s. 2(1) Homicide Act 1957. ...
R v Gomez - 1993
Example case summary. Last modified: 5th Oct 2021
Dishonest appropriation of property by using stolen cheques to mislead shop manager. The defendant, Gomez (G) was an assistant shop manager. G colluded with two accomplices who were in possession of stolen cheques....
R v Gotts - 1982
Example case summary. Last modified: 5th Oct 2021
Gotts, a sixteen-year-old boy, tried to kill his mother as he claimed that his father had threatened to shoot him unless he did so. Gotts stabbed his mother and caused serious injuries from which she survived....
R v Graham - 1982
Example case summary. Last modified: 18th Mar 2021
Paul Graham had been drinking and taking drugs when he and his homosexual partner killed Graham’s wife. Graham claimed he was under duress as his......
R v Grewal - 2010
Example case summary. Last modified: 28th Jun 2019
At the time of the incident, the defendant was a student who had become drunk after drinking too many free cocktails at a......
R v Griffiths
Example case summary. Last modified: 27th Jun 2019
The defendant was a seller of limes who entered into a conspiracy with seven lime farmers to defraud the Ministry of Agriculture......
R v Gurpinar; R v Kojo-Smith and Caton
Example case summary. Last modified: 28th Jun 2019
Mr Gurpinar and Mr Kojo-Smith were convicted of murder. Mr Gurpinar claimed self-defence, accident and lack of intent to cause serious injury......
R v H - 2005
Example case summary. Last modified: 26th Oct 2021
The defendant propositioned the victim sexually and attempted to pull her towards him and place a hand over her mouth by grabbing at the pocket of her tracksuit....
R v Hale - 1978
Example case summary. Last modified: 6th Sep 2021
Robbery under Section 8(1) Theft Act 1968, actus reus, immediately before or at the time of stealing using force on any person. Two defendants entered the victim’s house and stole her jewellery box from her bedroom. ...
R v Hall - 1973
Example case summary. Last modified: 5th Jul 2019
The defendant travel agent received deposit monies from various clients to pay for flights to the United States. He paid the monies......
R v Hall - 1985
Example case summary. Last modified: 5th Jul 2019
The defendant, Hall, was accused of handling stolen property. He denied knowing that it was stolen, stating only that he was suspicious of the property......
R v Hampden - Summary
Example case summary. Last modified: 28th Jun 2019
Ship money was a type of tax originating from medieval times. It was historically collected as part of the Royal Prerogative from coastal......
R v Hardie - 1985
Example case summary. Last modified: 27th Jun 2019
Mr Hardie was charged with arson under ss 1(2) and (3) of the Criminal Damage Act 1971 (CDA), for allegedly intending to damage a woman’s......
R v Hasan [2005] 2 AC 467
Example case summary. Last modified: 28th Oct 2021
Criminal law – Defence of Duress – Association with known criminal – Whether statement was a confession. Hasan was charged with the crime of aggravated burglary. He was associated with a gang and relied on the defence of duress....
R v Hayward
Example case summary. Last modified: 3rd Jul 2019
A husband and wife had an argument that led to the husband chasing his wife out into the street. The wife collapsed during this altercation and died....
R v Heard [2008] QB 43
Example case summary. Last modified: 27th Jun 2019
The police had been called to the defendant’s house; he had been self-harming at the time, appearing depressive and emotional, as well as......
R v Hennessy - 1989
Example case summary. Last modified: 28th Oct 2021
Diabetes and defences – automatism or insanity in hyperglycaemic cases. The appellant (a diabetic) was apprehended while driving a stolen car. He later collapsed at the police station it became apparent that he was having a diabetic episode....
R v Hennigan
Example case summary. Last modified: 4th Jul 2019
Hennigan drove at eighty miles per hour and hit the side of a car, driven by Lowe, who was emerging from a turning in a road....
R v Hinks - 2000
Example case summary. Last modified: 28th Oct 2021
Unlawful appropriation of “gifted” money under the Theft Act 1968. The defendant (H) was a carer for a man of limited intelligence (D). H persuaded D to make a series of payments to her from his bank account which she contended were gifts. H was charged with theft....
R v HM Attorney-General for England and Wales - 2003
Example case summary. Last modified: 3rd Jul 2019
The defendant was a New Zealander and former SAS member. In 1992, one of his commanding officers wrote a book and included a chapter......
R v Home Secretary, ex p Northumbria Police Authority
Example case summary. Last modified: 5th Jul 2019
Public disturbances some years earlier resulted in the Home Office opting to create a stock of CS gas (commonly known as riot control gas)......
R v Horncastle and Others 2009
Example case summary. Last modified: 6th Sep 2021
Case Summary of R v Horncastle and others [2009] UKSC 14 (SC). Hearsay evidence and Article 6 of the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR). R v Horncastle and others was an English legal case concerning the rules on hearsay evidence....
R v Howard
Example case summary. Last modified: 27th Jun 2019
The victim was a 6-year-old girl who was sexually assaulted by the defendant in her home. On the night in question, the defendant......
R v Howe - 1987
Example case summary. Last modified: 1st Oct 2021
In the first case, the two appellants, Howe and Bannister, and the victim were driven by M to an isolated area, where they assaulted the victim and M killed him. Similarly, the three jointly strangled another victim and a third victim managed to escape....
R v Hudson and Taylor
Example case summary. Last modified: 27th Jun 2019
Hudson and Taylor were two girls who were charged with perjury having given false evidence by failing to identify an individual......
R v Hysa
Example case summary. Last modified: 27th Jun 2019
The complainant was a 16 year old girl who was celebrating the New Year in London. She had been drinking, as well as a suggestion of smoking cannabis......
R v Inglis
Example case summary. Last modified: 6th Oct 2021
Murder – Mercy killing as a mitigating factor for sentencing under the Criminal Justice Act 2003 Schedule 21. The appellant, Frances Inglis (F), was convicted of murdering her son Thomas (T). T was in a vegetative state due to serious head injuries....
R v Instan - 1893
Example case summary. Last modified: 28th Oct 2021
Instan was cared for and maintained by her seventy-three-year-old aunt who was the deceased in this case. The deceased was healthy until shortly before her death before she contracted gangrene in her leg which prevented her from moving and caring for herself....
R v Ireland - 1998
Example case summary. Last modified: 1st Oct 2021
Can silence suffice for a charge of assault and is psychiatric harm sufficient for ABH. The Defendant in this case consistently called three separate women over the course of three months....
R v Ireland and Burstow
Example case summary. Last modified: 4th Oct 2021
Can psychiatric injury be considered bodily harm, and whether ‘inflicted’ ought be interpreted as requiring physical force. The defendant and victim were engaged in a short romantic relationship, which the victim ended. ...
R v Jackson - 1985
Example case summary. Last modified: 3rd Jul 2019
Four members of a gang agreed to shoot a friend of theirs in the leg. He was on trial for burglary and it was hoped by the gang members that being shot in......
R v JF Alford Transport
Example case summary. Last modified: 3rd Jul 2019
The first defendant was a lorry operator transport company; the second defendant was its managing director while the third was the......
R v Jheeta - 2007
Example case summary. Last modified: 28th Jun 2019
The defendant and the victim were in a consensual sexual relationship. The defendant began sending anonymous threatening messages to the victim......
R v Jogee [2016] UKSC 8
Example case summary. Last modified: 30th Sep 2021
Parasitic Accessory Liability, intention and foresight of principal’s act. This joint case involved two separate appellants who had been convicted for murder on the basis of joint enterprise, after a co-defendant had actually killed the victim....
R v Johnson - 2007
Example case summary. Last modified: 28th Jun 2019
J was convicted of wounding with intent to cause grievous bodily harm. Following his arrest, he was diagnosed with paranoid schizophrenia......
R v Jones - 1987
Example case summary. Last modified: 13th Jul 2019
There were six appellants to the appeal a conviction under s 20 of the Offences against the Person Act 1861. All had pleaded guilty to at least two......
R v Jones and Smith - 1976
Example case summary. Last modified: 22nd Oct 2021
The defendants, Jones and Smith, entered Smith’s father’s house and stole two television sets. At his trial, Smith said that his father had given him unreserved permission to enter the house. They were convicted of burglary and subsequently appealed....
R v Jordan - 1956
Example case summary. Last modified: 30th Sep 2021
Medical evidence was to the cause of death – new evidence regarding the cause of death. Jordan, who worked for the United States Air Force, stabbed a man as the result of a disturbance. The victim died in hospital eight days later....
R v Kelly and Lindsay - 1998
Example case summary. Last modified: 27th Jun 2019
The first defendant (K) had access to the Royal College of Surgeons to take drawings of anatomical specimens. The second defendant......
R v Kemp (1957) 1 QB 399
Example case summary. Last modified: 4th Jul 2019
The defendant assaulted his wife with a hammer. He had no previous history of violence and no apparent motive. He was charged with causing......
R v Kennedy - 2007
Example case summary. Last modified: 28th Sep 2021
It was held that as the victim was a fully informed and consenting adult, who had freely and voluntarily self-administered the drug without any pressure from the defendant, this was an intervening act....
R v Khan [1990] 2 All ER 783
Example case summary. Last modified: 30th Dec 2020
Four men, Mohammed Iqbal Khan, Mahesh Dhokia, Jaswinder Singh Banga and Navaid Faiz (A) were charged with the attempted rape of a......
R v Kimsey - 1996
Example case summary. Last modified: 5th Oct 2021
Kimsey (K) and Osbourne (O) were driving at high speeds in extremely close convoy. Whilst doing so, there was an accident in which O’s car clipped a verge and span out of control, collided with the side of K’s car and went into the path of oncoming traffic....
R v King
Example case summary. Last modified: 9th Dec 2021
The defendant had remarried while his previous marriage was still valid. He was prosecuted for bigamy contrary to section 57 of the Offences Against the Person Act 1861...
R v Kingston - 1994
Example case summary. Last modified: 17th Mar 2024
Barry Kingston was involuntarily drugged by a friend. While Kingston was intoxicated, his friend encouraged him to perform sexual acts on a 15 year old boy. The incident had been a set up by his friend. Kingston was convicted of indecent assault....
R v Konzani
Example case summary. Last modified: 28th Oct 2021
Feston Konzani was charged with three counts of inflicting grievous bodily harm contrary to s 20 of the Offences against the Person Act 1861. Konzani was HIV positive and aware of his condition. ...
R v Lamb 1967
Example case summary. Last modified: 22nd Oct 2021
Case Summary of R v Lamb 1967 2 QB 981. Involuntary Manslaughter. The appellate judgment of R v Lamb 1967 2 QB 981 (Lamb) clarifies the requisite elements required to satisfy any of the forms of involuntary manslaughter....
R v Latimer - 1886
Example case summary. Last modified: 28th Oct 2021
Doctrine of Transferred Malice. The defendant was in an argument with another in a pub. The argument escalated and the defendant attempted to hit the other man with his belt, but missed....
R v Lewis
Example case summary. Last modified: 5th Jul 2019
John Lewis (J), a French-American seaman, injured a German man (G) on board an American ship on the high seas. G died in hospital......
R v Lidar | Criminal Law Case | Law Teacher
Example case summary. Last modified: 16th Jul 2019
R v Lidar. In December 1998 the appellant Narinder Singh Lidar was charged with murder before Scott Baker J and a jury at the Leicester Crown Court. He was acquitted of murder but convicted of manslaughter by a unanimous verdict....
R v Lipman - 1970
Example case summary. Last modified: 27th Jun 2019
Robert Lipman was convicted of manslaughter for killing his friend while on a bad LSD trip. She suffered two blows to the head and......
R v Lockley - 1995
Example case summary. Last modified: 7th Sep 2022
In R v Lockley the defendant stole cans of beer from an off-licence. The shopkeeper tried to prevent him leaving the shop with the stolen items....
R v Lowe - 1973
Example case summary. Last modified: 28th Oct 2021
The connection between “wilful neglect” under s.1(1) of the Children and Young Persons Act 1933 and manslaughter by negligence. Mr Lowe, of low intelligence, did not call a doctor to his sick infant child. The child died from dehydration and gross emaciation....
R v Lowrie - 2005
Example case summary. Last modified: 27th Jun 2019
The defendant had made a series of repeatedly false calls to the emergency services. This was a consistent form of behaviour for the defendant......
R v M (J) and Another - 2012
Example case summary. Last modified: 6th Oct 2021
JM and SM had been involved in a fight with a few doormen in a nightclub. One of the doormen, who had no signs of health problems, had a renal artery aneurysm and died. JM and SM were charged with affray and manslaughter caused by an unlawful act (affray being the unlawful act). ...
R v Majewski
Example case summary. Last modified: 28th Oct 2021
Voluntary intoxication no defence to offences of “basic intent” such as assault. The appellant (M) was convicted following a brawl in a pub in which he assaulted the landlord and customers and the police officers who arrested him....
R v Malcherek and Steel
Example case summary. Last modified: 28th Oct 2021
Malcherek stabbed his wife in the abdomen. She was treated for the wound and a few days later she collapsed in hospital. She subsequently had surgery to remove a blood clot during which her heart stopped beating for thirty minutes before it was restarted by the doctors again....
R v Marangwanda
Example case summary. Last modified: 28th Jun 2019
The defendant was responsible for assisting in caring for two young children, as he was engaged in a romantic relationship......
R v Martin - 1881
Example case summary. Last modified: 27th Jun 2019
The defendant decided to play a practice joke on theatre goers by barring the exits to a playhouse, cutting the lights on the exits......
R v Martin - 2001
Example case summary. Last modified: 1st Oct 2021
Martin had shot two people that were trying to burgle his home. He killed one of them and wounded the other. At the initial trial, Martin attempted to claim self-defence but was unsuccessful....
R v McNaughten - M'Naghten
Example case summary. Last modified: 6th Oct 2021
M'Naughten murder and pleas of not guilty by reason of insanity. In January 1843, at the parish of Saint Martin, Middlesex, Daniel M’Naghten took a pistol and shot Edward Drummond, who he believed to the British Prime Minister Robert Pell, wounding him fatally....
R v Miller - 1954
Example case summary. Last modified: 28th Jun 2019
The defendant, Mr Miller, had been the husband of the victim who, at the time of the alleged offence, had left the respondent and filed......
R v Miller [1983] 2 AC 161
Example case summary. Last modified: 28th Sep 2021
The court concluded that as he was responsible for having created the dangerous situation, the defendant was under a duty to take action to resolve it once he became aware of the fire....
R v Millward - 1994
Example case summary. Last modified: 28th Jun 2019
H, employed by B, was driving a tractor when a trailer became detached from the tractor due to a poorly-maintained tow-hitch......
R v Misra and Srivastava
Example case summary. Last modified: 5th Jul 2019
Two doctors were convicted of gross negligence manslaughters when their post-operative patient became infected with a staphylococcus aureus......
R v Moloney - 1985
Example case summary. Last modified: 28th Sep 2021
The House of Lords allowed Moloney’s appeal. He had not intended to kill his stepfather. Knowledge of foresight of the consequences of an action were to be considered at best material from which a crime of intent may be inferred. ...
R v Morris - 1983
Example case summary. Last modified: 4th Oct 2021
The defendants were convicted of theft under s.1 of the Theft Act 1968 after switching the labels on products in a supermarket to obtain a lower price. One of the defendants was caught before he paid, while the other was only caught afterwards....
R v Mowatt
Example case summary. Last modified: 28th Jun 2019
The defendant and a friend were out late at night, and came across the victim, at which point the defendant knocked the victim......
R v Moys
Example case summary. Last modified: 28th Jun 2019
A black and white mare worth between £600-£700 was stolen from her livery stables. The defendant sold her the next day for £480 and she was......
R v Mullen [2000] QB 520
Example case summary. Last modified: 27th Jun 2019
Mullen was brought back to England from Zimbabwe due to being wanted by the police. Upon his arrival, he was arrested and later convicted of conspiracy......
R v Navid Tabassum - Criminal law consent case
Example case summary. Last modified: 17th Jun 2019
NAVID TABASSUM. On 30th November 1999 at Preston Crown Court, following a trial before His Honour Judge Livesey QC, the appellant was convicted on three counts of indecent assault, on three different female complainants....
R v Nedrick - 1986
Example case summary. Last modified: 30th Sep 2021
The defendant Nedrick held a grudge against a woman. In the middle of the night he drove to her house before pouring petrol through her letter box and igniting it. The defendant, without warning anyone in the house then drove home....
R v Notman - 1994
Example case summary. Last modified: 27th Jun 2019
The defendant entered a shop from which he had previously been barred and caused a disturbance. A police officer arrived at the scene......
R v Olugboja
Example case summary. Last modified: 22nd Dec 2020
The defendant and the co-accused met the complainant and her friend at a discotheque and offered to take them home. However, the defendant......
R v Ong [2001] Cr App R (S) 117
Example case summary. Last modified: 4th Jul 2019
The defendant had planned to switch off the floodlights at a Premier League football game between Charlton and Liverpool......
R v Oxfordshire CC, ex parte Sunningwell PC
Example case summary. Last modified: 17th Jun 2019
A glebe in Sunningwell, Oxfordshire, was an open space, used by the local people for outdoor activities. In 1978......
R v Page - 1954
Example case summary. Last modified: 27th Jun 2019
A British soldier, Harry Richard Page (HRP), killed an Egyptian national in Egypt and was convicted of murder of an Egyptian......
R v Pagett - 1983
Example case summary. Last modified: 28th Sep 2021
The appellant shot at a police officer who was trying to arrest him, and subsequently attempted to use a pregnant teenage girl standing nearby as a human shield to defend himself against retaliation by the officer....
R v Parker - 1977
Example case summary. Last modified: 28th Jun 2019
The appellant had tried (and failed) to place a telephone call in a street telephone booth. This infuriated him and in a rage......
R v Parmenter - 1991
Example case summary. Last modified: 3rd Jul 2019
The defendant was prosecuted under four counts of grievous bodily harm for injuries inflicted upon his infant son, including bruises......
R v Pembliton
Example case summary. Last modified: 3rd Jul 2019
The defendant was ejected from a pub and became engaged in a physical altercation in the street. This escalated until he threw a large stone at his......
R v Pittwood - 1902
Example case summary. Last modified: 28th Sep 2021
The defendant was employed by a railway company to operate the gate at a level crossing across the track. He lifted the gate to allow a cart to pass across, but then failed to put it back down before going for his lunch break....
R v Poulton - 1832
Example case summary. Last modified: 5th Jul 2019
A mother strangled her newborn baby, and was charged with the murder. Three medical men testified before a jury that a child can die during......
R v Powell and English
Example case summary. Last modified: 28th Jun 2019
In the first case, the appellants Powell (P) and Daniels (D), and another person went to the house of a drug dealer. As soon as he opened the door......
R v Prince - 1875
Example case summary. Last modified: 28th Sep 2021
Where a statute is silent as to the mens rea for an offence, the court is not bound to read a mens rea requirement into the statute. The offence was one of strict liability as to age, therefore a mens rea of knowledge of the girl’s actual age was not required to establish the offence. ...
R v Quayle
Example case summary. Last modified: 28th Jun 2019
The appellants appealed against convictions for the cultivation, production and possession of cannabis and cannabis resin....
R v Quick [1973] QB 910
Example case summary. Last modified: 28th Oct 2021
The appellant (a nurse at a hospital) was a diabetic who suffered from hypoglycaemia (low blood sugar). He had taken insulin in the morning for his condition but had not eaten much during the day and had imbibed alcohol....
R v R - 1992
Example case summary. Last modified: 29th Sep 2021
The defendant married his wife (complainant) in August 1984. After the marriage did not work, she moved out in October 1989 and took her son to live with her parents. At the time of the incident in November 1989, they were separated but not legally divorced....
R v Rai
Example case summary. Last modified: 3rd Jul 2019
In June of 1996 the defendant, Rai, applied to Birmingham City Council’s social services for a grant in order to adapt the bathroom in his home for his......
R v Richardson
Example case summary. Last modified: 4th Jul 2019
The appellant, a registered dentist, had her licence to practice suspended by the General Dental Council in 1996 but continued to treat patients......
R v Rimmington - 2006
Example case summary. Last modified: 27th Jun 2019
Rimmington, the defendant, sent 538 separate postal packages to individuals. These were of a crude, racist and obscene nature......
R v Rimmington and R v Goldstein
Example case summary. Last modified: 5th Oct 2021
Rimmington sent hundreds of letters containing racial offensive material to several people. Goldstein sent some salt and a cheque in repayment of a debt to a friend; he intended the inclusion of salt to be a joke but a post worker mistook it for anthrax...
R v Roberts - 1971
Example case summary. Last modified: 30th Sep 2021
After a party the male defendant R, gave the female victim a lift in his automobile. The victim and the defendant had not met before. The defendant began making sexual advances towards the victim which were rejected before attempting to pull off her coat. ...
R v Robinson - 1977
Example case summary. Last modified: 5th Oct 2021
The defendant was owed £7 by a woman. He approached the woman’s husband brandishing a knife, and a fight ensued during which the woman’s husband dropped a £5 note. The defendant picked up the £5 note and demanded the remaining £2 owed to him....
R v Rostron - 2003
Example case summary. Last modified: 27th Jun 2019
Both R and C appealed against their conviction. They argued that the golf balls were abandoned by their original owners and, thus, removal......
R v Ruffel - 1991
Example case summary. Last modified: 28th Jun 2019
The defendant had thrown an ‘acid house’ party which had attracted thousands of people. The party involved very loud music that continued overnight for some 12......
R v Ryan - 1996
Example case summary. Last modified: 5th Oct 2021
The defendant, Ryan, was discovered in the early hours of the morning stuck inside the window of an elderly person’s house and had to be removed by the fire brigade. He had managed only to get his head and one arm inside the window....
R v Saik - 2006
Example case summary. Last modified: 4th Jul 2019
The defendant, Saik, operated a bureau de change near Marble Arch in London. Saik changed money that had been gained as proceeds of crime into......
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